A nonprofit corporation is a corporation formed to carry out a charitable, educational, religious, literary, or scientific purpose. A nonprofit corporation doesn’t pay federal or state income taxes on profits it makes from activities in which it engages to carry out its objectives. This is because the IRS and state tax agencies believe that the benefits the public derives from these organizations’ activities entitle them to a special tax-exempt status.

The most common federal tax exemption for nonprofits comes from Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code, which is why nonprofits are sometimes called 501(c)(3) corporations.

Nonprofit corporations enjoy an exemption from corporate income taxes on profits from activities that are related to their organizational purpose. Also, a nonprofit is permitted to raise funds by receiving public and private grant money and donations from individuals and companies. (And the tax laws encourage people and businesses to donate money and property by allowing donors to deduct their contributions on their own tax returns.) Finally, structuring an organization as a nonprofit corporation protects its directors, officers, and members from personal liability for the corporation’s debts and liabilities. For more good reasons to incorporate your association, see Five Reasons to Incorporate Your Nonprofit Association.

No. Nonprofits must benefit the public. To create a legal entity to help out one individual, seek the advice of an attorney to start a trust.

Most people forming Nonprofit organizations prefer to set up a 501(c)(3) public charity because the opportunities for public donations are far greater. Private donors to a 501(c)(3) “public charity” may donate up to 50% of their adjusted gross income. Donors to a “private foundation” can only donate up to 30% of their adjusted gross income.

Ultimately, the IRS will look at an organization’s primary source of financial support to determine if it qualifies as a public charity or a private foundation. In general, if an organization derives its support from a relatively few number of people, the IRS will classify the organization as a private foundation. If the organization’s source of support is large and varied enough, the IRS will usually classify the foundation as a public charity.

The IRS does not grant tax exemption to organizations that do not have their programs budgeted. They require detail regarding your proposed activities to ensure you qualify as a 501(c)(3) organization.

Regarding Your Budget: Your Nonprofit budget needs to balance out each year on the document you submit to the IRS. Significant profits or losses will be a point of concern with the IRS. Significant profits will prompt the IRS to assume you may be operating as a for-profit corporation.

Most people forming Nonprofit organizations prefer to set up a 501(c)(3) public charity because the opportunities for public donations are far greater. Private donors to a 501(c)(3) “public charity” may donate up to 50% of their adjusted gross income. Donors to a “private foundation” can only donate up to 30% of their adjusted gross income.

Ultimately, the IRS will look at an organization’s primary source of financial support to determine if it qualifies as a public charity or a private foundation. In general, if an organization derives its support from a relatively few number of people, the IRS will classify the organization as a private foundation. If the organization’s source of support is large and varied enough, the IRS will usually classify the foundation as a public charity.